Physical Assistance Through Technology
From School Computing
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Introduction
This wiki focuses on the software and hardware products that assist students with physical disabilities. These tools can increase learning and assist students with thier productivity (Scheffel, 2003). There are three main components of physical disabilities:
- Visual
- Mobility
- Auditory
The following technological resources work with the ISTE standards of both teachers and students with helping integrate technology in the lives of their students. Please take the time to review each section and the hardware and software that can assist your students to be able to learn to the best of their ability. Additionally, there are related links that offer more information to their respective areas.
Visual Disabilities
Definition
Visual disabilities are any type of problems limiting the ability to see and read. These disabilities range from low vision to legally blind to color blind. People with visual disabilities are unable to see aspects due to their sight being less than 20/70 (Greater, n.d.) or the inability to see several colors or being able to differentiate shades of colors (Scheffel, 2003). Fortunately for people with visual disabilities, there is a wide array of hardware and software tools that can aid them in seeing better. Please review some examples of common hardware and software widely available to people with visual disabilities.
Hardware
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Magnification:
Liberty Color Portable Magnifier is a portable CCTV magnifier with a high contrast, 16:9 TFT display. It can be powered by either the main adapter or the integral, user exchangeable, rechargeable battery which allows over 2 hours of mobile use. An ergonomic reading position of the user is achieved by the combination of an adjustable display angle and the light mouse-camera. An overview mode enables easy orientation, while the text-stretch™ mode produces more readable text. This combined with the easy to use controls and VGA output which can drive a standard VGA monitor, makes the Liberty Color a discrete, flexible magnifying system for people on the move (Ash, 2003).
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Braille Displays:
ALVA 544 Satellite (Classic) Braille Display is a high-tech functionality and ease-of-use that is often associated with a fine, precision instrument. The Satellite is the most ergonomically designed Braille display on the market. The Satellite's slim case design combined with thoughtfully placed control keys, results in an exceptionally comfortable and effective user interface. Innovative twin satellite keypads provide fast and easy access to speech and Windows functions. Including Double Touch Cursors (for cursor routing and font information) and ergonomically shaped navigation keys, the ALVA Satellite is simply a pleasure to use. By offering maximum control directly from the Braille display, hand movement between the Braille display and keyboard is significantly reduced. The Satellite's innovative design/features increases the navigation and operational effectiveness of most popular screen readers (Optelec, 2006). This Braille translator is great for anyone that is legally blind of has limited vision and requires electronic information to be turned into Braille.
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Notetakers:
Braille Sense Notetaker is a personal digital assistant (PDA) that uses a Braille keyboard for inputting information and refreshable Braille dots for reading. It also functions as a wireless Braille display, connects to the Internet, reads email, writes email, and composes word processing documents. Braille Sense provides enhanced functionality for Internet audio streaming, playing MP3s, DAISY books, and features a built-in digital recorder.
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Software
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Screen Readers:
JAWS Screen Reader works with your PC to provide access to today’s software applications and the Internet. With its internal software speech synthesizer and the computer’s sound card, information from the screen is read aloud, providing technology to access a wide variety of information, education and job related applications. JAWS also outputs to refreshable Braille displays, providing unmatched Braille support of any screen reader on the market (Freedom, 2006).
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Screen Magnifiers:
Zoom Text Screen Reader makes seeing and hearing everything on your computer screen clearer than ever. The new xFont magnification displays high-definition text that you'll recognize effortlessly. With our new NeoSpeech synthesizers, your applications and documents are read aloud by friendly, human-sounding voices - right through your computer's speakers (AI, 2006). This ability to increase the size of on screen text exponentially is a great advancement for those with limited and low vision.
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Braille Translators:
Duxbury Braille Translator supports grade 1 and grade 2 translation in English, Spanish, French, German, Portuguese, Arabic, Malaysian, Swedish, and other languages. Produces contracted and uncontracted Braille, mathematics, and technical Braille. This program makes it easy to produce Braille for textbooks, letters, ADA-compliant signs, and more (Enable, 2006).
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Links
- More Visual Assistive Technology Hardware:
- Screen Magnifiers http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=12&group=43
- Braille Displays http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=12&group=39
- Notetakers http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=12&group=41
- Low Vision http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=12&group=111
- More Visual Assistive Technology Software:
Mobility Disabilities
Definition
Mobility disabilities are any type of problem that limits people from managing and navigating their environment due to physical constraints. These constraints can range from loss of limb, paralysis, limited movement, cerebral palsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, spinal cord injury and a variety of other issues. Fortunately for people with mobility disabilities, there is a wide array of hardware and software tools that can aid them in seeing better. Please review some examples of common hardware and software widely available to people with mobility disabilities.
Hardware
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Touch Screen Monitors:
Elo Touch Screen Monitors are designed to address the key needs of touch applications requiring a large, visually appealing display. Elo touch screen monitors can truly be called "designed for touch" with features such as a stable tilt base, OSD controls on the side with lockout feature for public use, speakers, and flexible input/output connectivity, including extra USB connections. It has a unique combination of performance, reliability, installation and ease-of-use, all with distinctive new styling (Elo, 2006).
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Alternate Keyboards:
IntelliKeys is a programmable alternative keyboard for students or adults who have difficulty using a standard keyboard. Having the ability to use on screen keyboards to type is a great alternative to having to use a traditional keyboard for those with limited mobility. This could even work for limited damage to the human body such as carpal tunnel or the inability to control a mouse due to arthritis. It plugs into a computer’s USB port, providing computer access to individuals with physical, visual, or cognitive disabilities (IntelliTools, 2006).
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Alternate Mice:
The Zero Tension Mouse allows all of the muscles of the hand, arm and shoulder to effectively relax as users navigate through their computer resources with its ergonomic design which is perfect for those with limited mobility. This USB driven device has a built in left and right mouse button and a scrolling wheel making using a computer mouse even easier to use (Am Can, n.d.). Having the ability to use this alternative mouse is a great solution to those that have difficulty using a traditional mouse due to mobility issues.
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Touch Pads:
The Cirque Smart Cat® sets the standard of comfort plus performance in computer control. With intelligent software, one-touch scroll and zoom, and distinctive sounds for each operation, Smart Cat® combines all the power of a top-of-the-line mouse with the unrivaled comfort and durability of a touchpad. Programmable software allows you to go from fast on-screen movements to pixel-point control. Along the same idea as touch screens, this is a portable touch mouse pad that can be connected to a computer to avoid using a traditional mouse for those with limited mobility.
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Software
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Dictation Software:
Dragon Naturally Speaking enables students to speak at a normal pace and the speech is transcribed immediately on the screen and in reports, letters, e-mail messages, chat rooms, Instant Messaging windows and the Internet. Students can revise documents by voice and use the Select and Say editing and convenient Dictation Playback and Text-to-Speech to speed editing and proofreading. Dragon Naturally Speaking Preferred enables the user to launch applications and drop down menu commands by voice and is fully integrated with programs like Microsoft Word and Corel Word Perfect. Dragon Naturally Speaking is a wonderful option for those who are unable to type on a traditional keyboard or onscreen keyboard due to mobility restrictions. Simply speak and the document is written in real time (Nuance, 2006).
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Word Predicting:
For struggling writers, translating thoughts into writing can feel overwhelming. Their writing often suffers from phonetic or inventive spelling, lack of richness, limited detail, and incoherence. These students need the word prediction program that has empowered more written self-expression than any other tool.
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On Screen Keyboards:
SofType is a software utility which replaces the functionality of a standard keyboard with a full featured on-screen keyboard. This is a great companion for the touch screen monitors mentioned above. Students can simply press the key they wish on the monitor if they are unable to use a standard keyboard due to mobility restrictions (Orion, 2005).
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Links
- More Mobility Assistive Technology Hardware:
- Touch Screens: http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=20&group=47
- Alternate Keyboards:http://www.enablemart.com/default.aspx?store=10&dept=24
- Alternate Mice: http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=24&group=57
- Touch Pads: http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=24&group=58
- More Mobility Assistive Technology Software:
Auditory Disabilities
Definition
Auditory disabilities are any type of problems limiting the ability to hear and speak. These disabilities range various degrees of hearing loss and others. Speech disabilities are stuttering, impaired articulation, voice impairment and others. Fortunately for people with auditory disabilities, there is a wide array of hardware and software tools that can aid them in learning with this disability. Please review some examples of common hardware and software widely available to people with auditory disabilities.
Hardware
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TTY Devices:
EZcom Pro Portable TTY enables students to enjoy wireless telephone access just about anywhere! Call for help in an emergency or stay connected to the family and friends no matter where you are. This a great communication tool for breaking the language barrier for those who are hearing disabled and those that have the ability hear. Just connect a new EZcom Pro/C TTY to a compatible cellular phone, and enjoy the convenience of cellular calling anywhere, anytime.
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Amplification Devices:
ClearSounds CLA7 Amplified Powered Neckloop addresses the needs of students who wear hearing aids with t-coils. The battery-powered CLA7 works with cell phones, cordless and corded phones, audio device or iPod. A great accessory for the ClearSounds 40XLC Amplified Freedom Phone. Conveniently hangs from your neck with the built in next strap. This is a wonderful tool for students with limited hearing to be able to participate in class and events without having fear of not being able to hear what is happening.
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Software
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Assistive Writing Technology:
Kurzweil 3000 is the premiere reading, writing, and learning software solution for struggling students. It is widely recognized as the most comprehensive and integrated solution for addressing language and literacy difficulties. The software uses a multi-sensory approach presenting printed or electronic text on the computer screen with added visual and audible accessibility. As Kurzweil 3000 reads the text out loud to its user, the text is highlighted adding a visual connection to the auditory support.
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Assistive Writing Technology:
Boardmaker® is a communication and learning tool containing over 3000 Picture Communication Symbols™ (PCS™) in vector format. It is designed to enhance the language and learning process for students of all levels. This graphic database is the perfect tool for educators and SLP's. It includes over 100 templates for creating schedules, worksheets, custom-made games and activities, and much more. This is an impressive tool for those that have a hard time getting started in their writing or have difficulty communicating. By adding pictures to assist in communicating is a excellent way to jump start the writing process for learners (Mayer, 2006).
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Links
- More Auditory Assistive Technology Hardware:
- More Auditory Assistive Technology Software:
- More Assistive Writing Technology: http://www.enablemart.com/productGroupDetail.aspx?store=10&dept=20&group=51
Learn More
- Places to learn about Assistive Technology
- Section 508: http://section508.gov/
- Assistive Technology Basics: http://staff.howard.k12.md.us/~yjeon/index.html
- United Cerebral Palsy: http://www.ucpdc.org/
- Assistive Technology Webquest: http://foxweb.marist.edu/users/kbvjx/webquest/introduction
- Schwab Learning: http://www.Schwablearning.org
- Greater Cincinnati Consortium of Colleges and Universities: http://www.gcccu.org/Faculty/SWD/Disabilities.cfm
- Assistive & Adaptive Technology: http://schoolcomputing.wikia.com/wiki/Assistive_%26_Adaptive_Technology
- Cognitive Assistance Through Technology: http://schoolcomputing.wikia.com/wiki/Cognitive_Assistance_Through_Technology
- Places to buy Assistive Technology
- Ai Squared Technology: http://www.aisquared.com/index.cfm
- AmCan International: http://www.zerotensionmouse.com/index.asp
- Ash Technologies: http://www.ashtech.ie/tp_products.asp?pid=3
- Cirque: http://www.cirque.com/products/desktop_smart.htm
- Don Johnston: http://www.donjohnston.com
- Duxbury Systems: http://www.duxburysystems.com/
- ELO Touch Systems: http://www.elotouch.com/products/default.asp
- Earlink: http://earlink.com
- Enable Mart: http://www.enablemart.com/default.aspx?store=10
- Freedom Scientific: http://www.freedomscientific.com
- GW Micros: http://www.gwmicro.com/
- Harris Communications: http://www.harriscomm.com
- IntelliTools: http://www.intellitools.com
- Kurzweil Educational Systems: http://www.kurzweiledu.com
- Mayer-Johnson: http://www.mayer-johnson.com
- Nuance: http://www.nuance.com
- Optelec Tieman Group: http://www.optelec.nl/?id=1
- Origin Instruments Corporation: http://www.orin.com
- Widgit Software: http://www.widgit.com
Assessment Questions
Question 1: What are the three main areas of disabilities addressed in this wiki?
Question 2: What are two pieces of software used to assist auditory disabilities?
Question 3: What are two pieces of hardware used to assist visual disabilities?
Question 4: What is the name of the company that owns the rights to Zoom Text?
Question 5: What is the web address to the United Cerebral Palsy?
Rubric: http://www.drasticchange.com/WikiImages/evaluation.doc
Complete Wiki
- Microsoft Word (.Doc): http://www.drasticchange.com/WikiImages/WikiText.doc
- Adobe Reader (.PDF): http://www.drasticchange.com/WikiImages/WikiText.PDF
Bibliography
World Wide Web:
Ai Squared Technology. (2006). Zoom Text. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from: http://www.aisquared.com/index.cfm
AmCan International. (n.d.) Zero Tension Mouse. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://www.zerotensionmouse.com/index.asp
Ash Technologies. (2003). Liberty Color Portable Print Magnifier. Retrieved March 15, 2006, from: http://www.ashtech.ie/tp_products.asp?pid=3
Cirque. (2005). Cirque Smart Cat. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://www.cirque.com/products/desktop_smart.htm
Computer/Electronic Accommodations Program. (2006). Assistive Technology. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from: http://www.tricare.osd.mil/cap/acc_sol/Assistive_Technology.cfm
Don Johnston. (2006). Writer:Outloud. Retrieved March 4, 2006, from: http://www.donjohnston.com/catalog/cow4000d.htm
Don Johnston. (2006). Co:Writer. Retrieved March 4, 2006, from: http://www.donjohnston.com/catalog/writoutd.htm
Duxbury Systems. (2006). Duxbury Braille Translator. Retrieved March 15, 2006, from: http://www.duxburysystems.com/
Earlink. (2005). EZcom Pro Portable TTY. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://earlink.com/TEL_TTY_EZcom.htm
ELO Touch Systems. (2006). Touch Screen Monitors. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://www.elotouch.com/products/default.asp
Enable Mart. (2006). Assistive Technology Products. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from: http://www.enablemart.com/default.aspx?store=10
Freedom Scientific. (2006). JAWS for Windows. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from: http://www.freedomscientific.com/fs_products/software_jaws.asp
Greater Cincinnati Consortium of Colleges and Universities. (n.d.). Students With Disabilities - A Handbook for Faculty. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://www.gcccu.org/Faculty/SWD/Disabilities.cfm
GW Micros. (2006). Windows Eyes. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from: http://www.gwmicro.com/
GW Micro. (2006). Braille Sense Notetaker. Retrieved March 15, 2006, from: http://www.gwmicro.com/Braille_Sense/
Harris Communications. (2005). ClearSounds CLA7 Amplified Powered Neckloop. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://www.harriscomm.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=18332
IntelliTools. (2006). IntelliKeys. Retrieved March 4, 2006, from: http://www.intellitools.com/products/IntelliKeys/home.php
Jeon, Young. (2006). Assistive Technology. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from: http://staff.howard.k12.md.us/~yjeon/index.html
Kurzweil Educational Systems. (2006). Kurzweil 3000 for Windows. Retrieved March 4, 2006, from: http://www.kurzweiledu.com/products_k3000win.asp
Mayer-Johnson. (2006). BoardMaker. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://www.mayer-johnson.com/MainBoardmaker.aspx?MainCategoryID=5419
Nuance. (2006). Dragon Naturally Speaking. Retrieved March 15, 2006, from: http://www.nuance.com/naturallyspeaking/
Optelec Tieman Group. (2006). ALVA 544 Satellite (Classic) Braille Display. Retrieved March 15, 2006, from: http://www.optelec.nl/?id=1
Origin Instruments Corporation. (2005). SoftType. Retrieved March 16, 2006, from: http://www.orin.com/access/softype/index.htm
Schwab Learning. (2006). A Parent’s Guide to Helping Kids with Learning Difficulties. Retrieved March 4, 2006, from: http://www.Schwablearning.org
United Cerebral Palsy. (2006). Assistive Technology. Retrieved February 18, 2006, from: http://www.ucpdc.org/
Widgit Software. (2006). Writing with Symbols. Retrieved March 4, 2006, from: http://www.widgit.com/products/wws2000/index.htm
Articles:
Scheffel, Debora L.; Agnew, Jo. (2003). Full Computer Access for People with Disabilities: The Goal of Transparency. Colorado: Disabilities and Gifted Education. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED481557)
For Reference: http://search.epnet.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eric&an=ED481557
Books:
Roblyer, M. D. (2003). Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching (3rd ed.). Ohio: Merrill Prentice Hall.
Zmuda, Allison; Kuklis, Robert & Kline, Everett. Transforming Schools. Virginia: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
McKenzie, Jamie. How Teachers Learn Technology Best. Washington: FNO Press.
Back To Teaching With Technology Homepage: http://schoolcomputing.wikia.com/wiki/Teaching_With_Technology


















